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Sunday, 23 November 2008 22:00 |
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| This study focuses upon the heterogeneity in the contemporary workforce in relation to well-being and organizational attitudes. This heterogeneity may concern (a) the specific type of contract (permanent full-time vs. alternative arrangements; e.g., permanent part-time, fixed-term, and on-call work), (b) job and contract preferences, or (c) specific combinations of contract type and preferences. The authors argue that working in alternative employment, but also being in a nonpreferred contract or job may imply stress and, hence, strain (i.e., poor well-being). This may lead to withdrawal from the organization (i.e., poor organizational attitudes). A combination of the stressors may strengthen these effects. Analyses of questionnaire data from Sweden collected in 2004 (N = 716) reveal that ... |
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Sunday, 23 November 2008 22:00 |
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| This study tests several hypotheses relating to the ERI model in a homogenous occupational group: academic employees working in universities in the United Kingdom. Based on previous research findings, it is argued that this model is likely to reflect current working conditions and concerns in this sector. Eight hundred forty-four academic employees (59% male) completed questionnaires assessing the ERI components (i.e., efforts, rewards, and overcommitment), psychological and physical symptoms, job satisfaction and leaving intentions. Significant main effects of high efforts, low rewards, and high overcommitment were found for all strain outcomes. Some evidence was found for the hypothesized two-way and three-way interactions. The pattern and strength of the predictors of strain varied cons... |
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Sunday, 23 November 2008 22:00 |
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| This investigation evaluated the reduction of self-reported stress in a corporate setting in 2 studies. In Experiment 1, participants engaged in 3 dosages of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR). Using a Subjective Units of Distress (SUD) scale, participants reported significant stress reduction following all dosages. The 25-min dose was associated with a significantly greater SUD reduction than the 7-min dose; the 15-min dose was not different than the other 2 dosages. Experiment 2 compared 15 min of PMR to four 1.5- to 2-min mini-relaxation (MR) episodes. Magnitude of stress reduction was significant but similar between the MR and PMR conditions. MR took half the time to administer and was practiced more frequently than PMR between sessions and at follow-up. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) ... |
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Sunday, 23 November 2008 22:00 |
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| The goal of this study was to enhance understanding of the interconnections between stress, negative mood, and alcohol use. Daily diary data collected over eight consecutive nights from a nationally representative adult cohort were used to identify if (1) daily stress and cumulative stress pile-up were associated with increased risk of binge drinking, (2) negative affect mediated associations between stressors and binge drinking, and (3) associations among stress, negative affect and binge drinking were moderated by educational attainment as an indicator of socioeconomic status. Results indicated that the odds of binge drinking were higher on days that individuals experienced more severe stressors in contrast to no-stress days. Further, the odds of binge drinking also increased as stressor... |
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Sunday, 23 November 2008 22:00 |
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| This study examined affective organizational commitment (AOC) and continuance organizational commitment (COC) as moderators of the relationship between job-related anxiety and intention to leave among 506 Israeli nurses who completed self-administered surveys. Prior research examining organizational commitment as a moderator between stress-related variables has shown inconsistent results, most probably because organizational commitment was tested as a moderator of stressor-strain relationships. Both AOC and COC buffered the relationship between job-related anxiety and intention to leave the hospital (i.e., the positive relationship was not as strong with high levels of commitment). There was no buffering effect on the relationship between role stressors and intention to leave. Further, the... |
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